.. _ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection: ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ This command is used to construct a ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection object. It is the abstract representation for the stress-strain behavior for a reinforced concrete layered membrane element (based on the work of Rojas et al., 2016). .. figure:: ReinforcedConcreteLayerMembraneSection_figure1.png :align: center :figclass: align-center :width: 60% :name: RCLMS_FIG1 ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection: (a) Reinforced concrete wall; (b) Layer discretization. .. admonition:: Command section ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection $secTag $nSteelLayers $nConcLayers -reinfSteel{$RSteelAtEachLayer} –conc{$concAtEachLayer} -concThick{$Thicknesses} .. csv-table:: :header: "Parameter", "Type", "Description" :widths: 10, 10, 40 $secTag, integer, unique section tag $nSteelLayers, integer, number of reinforced steel layers $nConcLayers, integer, number of concrete layers $RSteelAtEachLayer, list int, a list of *nSteelLayers* nDMaterial reinforced steel tags to be assigned to each layer $concAtEachLayer, list int, a list of *nConcLayers* nDMaterial concrete tags to be assigned to each layer $Thicknesses, list float, a list of *nConcLayers* concrete layers thicknesses The following recorders are available with the ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection. .. csv-table:: :header: "Recorder", "Description" :widths: 15, 40 panel_strain, "strains :math:`\varepsilon_{xx}`, :math:`\varepsilon_{yy}`, :math:`\gamma_{xy}`" panel_avg_stress, "resulting panel stresses :math:`\sigma_{xx}`, :math:`\sigma_{yy}`, :math:`\tau_{xy}`" panel_force, "membrane forces at panel level :math:`N_{x}`, :math:`N_{y}`, :math:`N_{xy}`" thetaPD, "principal strain direction :math:`\theta_{pd}`" CLayer $iClayer $Response, "returns material $Response for a iClayer-th concrete layer. For available $Response(s) refer to **OrthotropicRAConcrete** material" RSLayer $iRSlayer $Response, "returns material $Response for a iRSlayer-th reinforcing steel layer. For available $Response(s) refer to **SmearedSteelDoubleLayer** material" .. figure:: ReinforcedConcreteLayerMembraneSection_figure2.png :align: center :figclass: align-center :width: 1000px :name: RCLMS_FIG2 ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection: (a) Strain field; (b.1) Resultant stress field; (b.2) Concrete stresses; (b.3) Steel stresses. .. admonition:: Notes | 1. The **ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection** should be used in conjunction with ``OrthotropicRAConcrete`` and ``SmearedSteelDoubleLayer`` NDMaterials. It can also be used in a ``MEFI`` element. | 2. The section can also be referred to as **RCLayeredMembraneSection** or **RCLMS**. .. admonition:: Examples For the development of this example, the RW-A20-P10-S38 wall specimen was used (Tran, 2012). Uniaxial concrete and steel materials are defined, along with orthotropic layers for confined/unconfined concrete and distributed steel for the core and boundaries. Sections of types **a** and **b** are defined, composed of the layers created earlier. .. figure:: ReinforcedConcreteLayerMembraneSection_figure3.png :align: center :figclass: align-center :width: 90% :name: RCLMS01_FIG RW-A20-P10-S38 wall specimen: (a) Cross-sectional view ; (b) Layered view of the model. 1. **Tcl Code** .. code-block:: tcl # ======================================================================================== # RW-A20-P10-S38 (Tran, 2012) - Definition of properties and creation of materials # Basic units: N, mm # ======================================================================================== # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create uniaxial steel materials # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # steel X set fyX 469.93; # fy set bx 0.02; # strain hardening # steel Y web set fyYw 409.71; # fy set byw 0.02; # strain hardening # steel Y boundary set fyYb 429.78; # fy set byb 0.01; # strain hardening # steel misc set Es 200000.0; # Young's modulus set R0 20.0; # initial value of curvature parameter set A1 0.925; # curvature degradation parameter set A2 0.15; # curvature degradation parameter # build steel materials uniaxialMaterial Steel02 1 $fyX $Es $bx $R0 $A1 $A2; # steel X uniaxialMaterial Steel02 2 $fyYw $Es $byw $R0 $A1 $A2; # steel Y web uniaxialMaterial Steel02 3 $fyYb $Es $byb $R0 $A1 $A2; # steel Y boundary # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create uniaxial concrete materials # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # unconfined set fpc -47.09; # peak compressive stress set ec0 -0.00232; # strain at peak compressive stress set ft 2.13; # peak tensile stress set et 0.00008; # concrete strain at tension cracking set Ec 34766.59; # Young's modulus # confined set fpcc -53.78; # peak compressive stress set ec0c -0.00397; # strain at peak compressive stress set Ecc 36542.37; # Young's modulus # build concrete materials uniaxialMaterial Concrete02 4 $fpc $ec0 0.0 -0.037 0.1 $ft 1738.33; # unconfined concrete uniaxialMaterial Concrete02 5 $fpcc $ec0c -9.42 -0.047 0.1 $ft 1827.12; # confined concrete # define reinforcing ratios set rouXw 0.0027; # X web set rouXb 0.0082; # X boundary set rouYw 0.0027; # Y web set rouYb 0.0323; # Y boundary # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create orthotropic concrete layers to represent unconfined and confined concrete # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nDMaterial OrthotropicRAConcrete 6 4 $et $ec0 0.0 -damageCte1 0.175 -damageCte2 0.5; # unconfined concrete nDMaterial OrthotropicRAConcrete 7 5 $et $ec0c 0.0 -damageCte1 0.175 -damageCte2 0.5; # confined concrete # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create smeared steel layers to represent boundary and web reinforment # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nDMaterial SmearedSteelDoubleLayer 8 1 2 $rouXw $rouYw 0.0; # steel web nDMaterial SmearedSteelDoubleLayer 9 1 3 $rouXb $rouYb 0.0; # steel boundary # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection sections composed of concrete and steel layers # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- set tw 152.4; # Wall thickness set tnc 50.8; # unconfined concrete wall layer thickness set tc 101.6; # confined concrete wall layer thickness section RCLMS 10 1 1 -reinfSteel 8 -conc 6 -concThick $tw; # Section type b (wall web) section RCLMS 11 1 2 -reinfSteel 9 -conc 6 7 -concThick $tnc $tc; # Section type a (wall boundary) 2. **Python Code** .. code-block:: python # ======================================================================================== # RW-A20-P10-S38 (Tran, 2012) - Definition of properties and creation of materials # Basic units: N, mm # ======================================================================================== # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create uniaxial steel materials # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # steel x fyX = 469.93 # fy bx = 0.02 # strain hardening # steel Y web fyYw = 409.71 # fy byw = 0.02 # strain hardening # steel Y boundary fyYb = 429.78 # fy byb = 0.01 # strain hardening # steel misc Es = 200000.0 # Young's modulus R0 = 20.0 # initial value of curvature parameter A1 = 0.925 # curvature degradation parameter A2 = 0.15 # curvature degradation parameter # build steel materials ops.uniaxialMaterial('Steel02', 1, fyX, Es, bx, R0, A1, A2) # steel X ops.uniaxialMaterial('Steel02', 2, fyYw, Es, byw, R0, A1, A2) # steel Y web ops.uniaxialMaterial('Steel02', 3, fyYb, Es, byb, R0, A1, A2) # steel Y boundary # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create uniaxial concrete materials # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # unconfined fpc = -47.09 # peak compressive stress ec0 = -0.00232 # strain at peak compressive stress ft = 2.13 # peak tensile stress et = 0.00008 # strain at peak tensile stress Ec = 34766.59 # Young's modulus # confined fpcc = -53.78 # peak compressive stress ec0c = -0.00397 # strain at peak compressive stress Ecc = 36542.37 # Young's modulus # build concrete materials ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete02', 4, fpc, ec0, 0.0, -0.037, 0.1, ft, 1738.33) # unconfined concrete ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete02', 5, fpcc, ec0c, -9.42, -0.047, 0.1, ft, 1827.12) # confined concrete # define reinforcing ratios rouXw = 0.0027 # X web rouXb = 0.0082 # X boundary rouYw = 0.0027 # Y web rouYb = 0.0323 # Y boundary # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create orthotropic concrete layers to represent unconfined and confined concrete # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ops.nDMaterial('OrthotropicRAConcrete', 6, 4, et, ec0, 0.0, '-damageCte1', 0.175, '-damageCte2', 0.5) # unconfined concrete ops.nDMaterial('OrthotropicRAConcrete', 7, 5, et, ec0c, 0.0, '-damageCte1', 0.175, '-damageCte2', 0.5) # confined concrete # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create smeared steel layers to represent boundary and web reinforment # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ops.nDMaterial('SmearedSteelDoubleLayer', 8, 1, 2, rouXw, rouYw, 0.0) # steel web ops.nDMaterial('SmearedSteelDoubleLayer', 9, 1, 3, rouXb, rouYb, 0.0) # steel boundary # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create ReinforcedConcreteLayeredMembraneSection sections composed of concrete and steel layers # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tw = 152.4 # wall thickness tnc = 50.8 # unconfined concrete wall layer thickness tc = 101.6 # confined concrete wall layer thickness ops.section('RCLMS', 10, 1, 1, '-reinfSteel', 8, '-conc', 6, '-concThick', tw) # Section type b (wall web) ops.section('RCLMS', 11, 1, 2, '-reinfSteel', 9, '-conc', 6, 7, '-concThick', tnc, tc) # Section type a (wall boundary) **REFERENCES:** #. Rojas, F., Anderson, J. C., Massone, L. M. (2016). A nonlinear quadrilateral layered membrane element with drilling degrees of freedom for the modeling of reinforced concrete walls. Engineering Structures, 124, 521-538. (`link `_). #. Tran, T. A. (2012). Experimental and Analytical Studies of Moderate Aspect Ratio Reinforced Concrete Structural Walls. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles. (`link `_). **Code Developed by:** F. Rojas (University of Chile), M.J. Núñez (University of Chile).