3.1.10.65. LeadRubberX Element

This command constructs a three-dimensional lead-rubber bearing element extending ElastomericX Element with strength degradation in the lead core due to heating. Use with -ndm 3 -ndf 6.

element LeadRubberX $eleTag $Nd1 $Nd2 $Fy $alpha $Gr $Kbulk $D1 $D2 $ts $tr $n <$x1 $x2 $x3 $y1 $y2 $y3> <$kc> <$PhiM> <$ac> <$sDratio> <$m> <$cd> <$tc> <$qL> <$cL> <$kS> <$aS> <$tag1> <$tag2> <$tag3> <$tag4> <$tag5>

Argument	Type	Description
$eleTag	integer	unique element tag
$Nd1 $Nd2	integer	end nodes
$Fy	float	yield strength
$alpha	float	post-yield stiffness ratio
$Gr	float	shear modulus of elastomer
$Kbulk	float	bulk modulus of rubber
$D1	float	internal diameter
$D2	float	outer diameter excluding cover thickness
$ts	float	single steel shim layer thickness
$tr	float	single rubber layer thickness
$n	integer	number of rubber layers
$kc	float	cavitation parameter (optional; default 10.0)
$PhiM	float	damage parameter (optional; default 0.5)
$ac	float	strength reduction parameter (optional; default 1.0)
$sDratio	float	shear distance from iNode as fraction of length (optional; default 0.5)
$m	float	element mass (optional; default 0.0)
$cd	float	viscous damping parameter (optional; default 0.0)
$tc	float	cover thickness (optional; default 0.0)
$qL	float	density of lead (optional; default 11200 kg/m3)
$cL	float	specific heat of lead (optional; default 130 N-m/kg C)
$kS	float	thermal conductivity of steel (optional; default 50 W/m C)
$aS	float	thermal diffusivity of steel (optional; default 1.41e-05 m2/s)
$tag1	integer	include cavitation and post-cavitation (optional; default 0)
$tag2	integer	include buckling load variation (optional; default 0)
$tag3	integer	include horizontal stiffness variation (optional; default 0)
$tag4	integer	include vertical stiffness variation (optional; default 0)
$tag5	integer	include lead-core heating degradation (optional; default 0)

Note

1. Default heating parameters are in SI units; override them when using imperial units.

2. Use Parameters Element Recorder to obtain cavitation force; buckling capacity; vertical stiffness; horizontal stiffness; temperature increase; and yield strength.

Example

1. Tcl Code

element LeadRubberX 1 1 2 150.0 0.1 0.8 2.0e9 0.0 0.6 0.003 0.01 20

2. Python Code

element('LeadRubberX', 1, 1, 2, 150.0, 0.1, 0.8, 2.0e9, 0.0, 0.6, 0.003, 0.01, 20)

Code developed by: Manish Kumar, University at Buffalo, SUNY